ECO2103 Tutorial 5 - 1105 Words

ECO2103 Principles of Microeconomics Tutorial 5 Question One a) You are studying with a friend and your friend says A budget line shows the various combinations of two goods that can be purchased with the buyers income at current prices. Is your friends assessment correct or not? b) How is a budget line similar to a production possibilities frontier? How do they differ? c) Why budget line has a negative slope? What does the slope of the budget line equal? d) What is an indifference curve? e) Why do consumers prefer higher indifference curves (farther to the right) to lower indifference curves? f) In an indifference curve/budget line framework, how does a consumer decide which of all possible combinations of goods to purchase? g)†¦show more content†¦The price of a movie is $15. i) Along budget line BL1, what is the price of a dinner? ii) What combination of dinners and movies will George select along budget line BL1? iii) Budget line BL2 represents a change in the price of dinners from that along BL1. What is the new price of dinners along this budget line? iv) What combination of dinners and movies will George select along budget line BL2? v) Use the information in this problem to give two points on Georges demand curve for dinners. b) Olivias income is $216 a year and she spends all of it on music CDs and movies on DVDs. The price of a music CD is $18 and the price of a DVD is $18. i) Draw a graph of Olivias budget line (with CDs on the horizontal axis). What is the slope of Olivias budget line? ii) What quantities of CDs and DVDs does Olivia buy? Explain your solution. iii) What is Olivias marginal rate of substitution at the point at which she consumes? Explain. c) Record companies, faced with the growing competitions from digital music download services, lower the price of a music CD from $18.00 to $13.50. The price of a DVD is $18. Olivias income is $216 a year and she spends all of it on music CDs and movies on DVDs. i) Draw a graph of Olivias budget line (with CDs on the horizontal axis). What is the slope of Olivias budget line? The figure above illustrates Olivias preferences. ii) Given the price of a CD, the price of

Nypd - 801 Words

Situation Since taking over as commissioner in 1994, William Bratton has transformed NYPD into an effective deterrent of crime through a series of strategic organizational changes. Crime rate in New York has decreased by 25.9% in just a year compared to the average national rate of 5.4%. Now, NYPD’s results oriented strategy needs to sustain its momentum and continue to produce results, despite falling budgets, labor disputes and difficulty in getting resources allocated. In this paper, I will review the challenges Bratton faced, analyze his change decisions and discuss his options to confront new issues. Critical challenges Bratton faced NYPD had a long history of reactive investigation of crime, controlled by a strong centralized†¦show more content†¦Ideas developed by the re-engineering team made their way into 7 strategies. He realized that transformation is not possible unless many people are willing to help, and publicized the need for change by adopting a sustained public relations campaign. Next, he had to remove obstacles to his vision, which in this case was the organizational structure. Middle managers were given more authority through decentralization and local control was established over local problems. This devolving of authority empowered them to deploy resources more intelligently and ensured credibility of the change effort as a whole. CompStat meetings were introduced to measure results with greater consistency and reliability, hold the middle manager accountable for their actions and encourage inter-bureau coordination. Cost efficiency was attained through introduction of new technology. Bratton defined short term goals (like 10% reduction in 1994) and pushed the organization hard to attain these goals. In two years, there was a significant decline in crime and improved job satisfaction and morale within NYPD. Bratton’s options to confront the challenges In 1996, Bratton faced several challenges including budget cuts, labor wage disputes, restrictions on deployment of resources and inability to reward performance, all of which threatened to hamper the momentum of changes. HisShow MoreRelatedNypd Case Essay900 Words   |  4 Pagesto the central computer system information about the time, location, and nature of the incident. If the incident was not previously reported, the information is electronically relayed to the police patrol dispatcher for the appropriate precinct. NYPD Patrol System Columbia Business School p.1  © 1998, Linda V. Green - 67 - Dispatchers are civilians who are responsible for assigning patrol cars to 911 incidents in the precincts they handle. They also monitor the status of incidents andRead MoreWilliam Bratton and the Nypd12122 Words   |  49 Pagesyale case 07-015 rev. february 12, 2008 William Bratton and the NYPD Crime Control through Middle Management Reform Andrea R. Nagy1 Joel Podolny2 William Bratton, commissioner of the New York Police Department from 1994 to 1996, presided over a dramatic decline in the city’s crime rate. Hired by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani as part of a new crime fighting initiative, Bratton embraced the â€Å"broken windows† theory that had made him so successful as chief of the city’s transit police. According toRead MoreNypd Radicalization Report : Summary1155 Words   |  5 PagesNYPD Radicalization Report –Executive Summary The NYPD research addresses the issue of Islamic-based terrorism threat in New York City since September 2001. According to the study, the attack plots are planned and conceptualized by residents utilizing Al-Qaeda as their ideological reference and inspiration point (Silber, M. 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The bureau is responsible for a number of operation including, counterterrorism operations, training and exercise for NYPD personnel, along with risk assessment and critical infrastructure protection of key sites within New York City. The Deputy Commissioner of intelligence also has an expanded role. NYPD officers are now deployed worldwideRead MoreNYPD Whistleblower Retaliation – Detective Labeled A Rat Essay575 Words   |  3 PagesIn 2005 NYPD Detective, first grade, James E. Griffith called internal affairs to report he was being pressured by a fellow officer to lie and take the blame during an internal inquiry for the mishandling of a homicide investigation by his unit (Goldstein, 2012). Another detecti ve and union official claimed in his deposition that Griffin was a rat because he went to internal affairs instead of the union (Marzulli, 2013). According to the United States District Court Eastern District of New York’sRead MoreThe Stop and Frisk Policy of the NYPD is Not Justifiable Essay examples2281 Words   |  10 Pages The judicial system in America has always endured much skepticism as to whether or not there is racial profiling amongst arrests. The stop and frisk policy of the NYPD has caused much controversy and publicity since being applied because of the clear racial disparity in stops. Now the question remains; Are cops being racially biased when choosing whom to stop or are they just targeting â€Å"high crime† neighborhoods, thus choosing minorities by default? This paper will examine the history behind stopRead MoreEvaluation Of The Nypd s Performance Measurement System Essay1808 Words   |  8 PagesCity; New York City Police Department (NYPD) is one of them. This paper will analyze the NYPD’s performance measurement system also known as compstat. This paper will show how this performance known as comptat collects data, its area of interest, and frequency of data collection etc. The purpose of the NYPD is to improve the â€Å"quality of life† in New York City. It is done by fighting crime through the prevention of criminals in the city. But if the action of NYPD is being effective or not is only possibleRead MoreThe Nypd Frisk Program : Noble Cause Corruption Situation Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesWe must start in the research of the NYPD Frisk Program: Noble Cause Corruption situation with the Fourth Amendment‘s which protects a person against unreasonable searches and seizures of the U.S. Constitutional 4th Amendment. Further review of the 4th Amendment law provides guidelines for the search and seizure between police and citizens in a public place. The terms â€Å"stop-and-frisk† is used as one, then the reality is that its two separate acts. Stops are the first act with frisks being the secondRead MoreCase Study 1 : NYPD Frisk Program : Noble Cause Corruption?1226 Words   |  5 Pagesessay, I will evaluate the merit of the police action in the three videos and apply concepts of ethical behavior that are relevant to the actions demonstrated by the police officers depicted. Case Study 1: NYPD Frisk Program: Noble Cause Corruption The behavior of the New York Police Department (NYPD) as illustrated in the video is unethical because the manner in which the police handcuff the robbery suspects. The people in the video get stopped because they look or act a certain way. The searches are

Country Report on Road Safety Initiatives in Malaysia Free Essays

Country Report on Road Safety Initiatives in MALAYSIA Datuk Suret Singh Director General Road Safety Department Malaysia Basic Information Country : Malaysia ? ? ? ? ? Population: 26. 4 Million in 2006 Square Kilometer: 392876km2 Road Length: 72,400 km No of Registered Vehicles: 15,790,732 Vehicle Kilometer Travelled/year: 337. 8 Billion VKT Malaysia Definition and Data System Definition: ? Fatality: Deaths within 30 days ? Serious: All Required Hospitalization ? Slight Injury: Out Patient or Self Treatment Data System: ? Police Data Form : Standard POL27 Accident Form Database/System: Computerized MAAP System Annual Accident Report availability: Yes ? Hospital Data Injury classification used: AIS retrieval System: Many System used, in process of Standardization Malaysia Safety Target and Management National Safety Target? : ? 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Country Report on Road Safety Initiatives in Malaysia or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0 Deaths/10,000 vehicles by 2010 ? 10 Deaths100,000 population 2020 ? 10 Deaths per Billion VKT by 2020 National Safety Plan? : ? Availability: Yes, National Road Safety Plan 2006-2010 ? strategies : 9 Strategies ? Programs: 52 Programs Availability of Institutional Set-up ? ? ? ? Road Safety Department (2005) MIROS (2007) National Road Safety Council (50 years ago) Annual Budget Allocated for Road Safety Programs Malaysia Road Safety Facts (1996-2006) Year Registered Vehicles Road Length (Km) Number of accidents Death 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 7,686,684 8,550,469 9,141,357 9,929,951 10,589,804 11,302,545 12,068,144 12,868,934 13,801,297 14,816,407 15,790,732 60,734 63,382 63,382 64,981 64,981 64,981 64,981 71,814 71,814 72,400 72,400 189,109 215,632 211,037 223,166 250,417 265,175 279,237 298,651 326,815 328,268 341,252 6,304 6,302 5,740 5,794 6,035 5,849 5,887 6,282 6,228 6,200 6,287 Fatality Index Per 10,000 Vehicles 8. 20 7. 37 6. 28 5. 83 5. 70 5. 17 4. 88 4. 88 4. 51 4. 18 3. 98 Per 100,000 Population 29. 8 29. 1 25. 3 25. 5 26. 0 25. 1 25. 3 25. 1 24. 3 23. 7 23. 6 Per Billion VKT 40. 4 36. 3 30. 9 28. 7 28. 0 25. 5 24. 0 24. 0 22. 2 20. 6 Malaysia 19. 6 Key Issues and Challenges Key Problems Identified ? Target Groups: Motorcyclists (53%) Car Occupants (22%) Pedestrians (10%) ? Target Issues: Head Injuries among motorcyclists Un segregated VRUs Malaysia Fatality by Casualty Class Malaysia Strategic Programs and Projects Program Potential % Intervention Coverage Reduction 2007 2008 2009 2010 AES Speed Cameras Redlight Cameras Lane Displine Helmet Program Rear Seat Belts Airbags Driver Training RSE and CBP Mcycle Lanes Blackspots Others 20 20 0 30 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 60 60 20 65 40 20 30 20 20 20 20 100 90 60 100 60 40 50 50 30 30 30 100 90 80 100 80 60 60 80 40 40 40 % 30 40 20 50 30 30 10 20 80 30 20 No of Deaths Expected No. f Fatality Reduction Involved/yr 2007 2008 2009 2010 1400 150 450 1500 350 400 300 400 500 500 350 84 12 0 225 21 12 3 8 40 15 7 427 3. 45 252 36 18 488 42 24 9 16 80 30 14 420 54 54 750 63 48 15 40 120 45 21 420 54 72 750 84 72 18 64 160 60 28 6300 Deaths/10,000 Vehicles 1009 1630 1782 2. 94 2. 45 2. 21 Malaysia MIROS0 7 One Most Successful Road Safety Intervention Name: Exclusive Motorcycle Lane Program Problem Statement: Rear-End and Side Swipe along High Speed Links Double Low Speed Links Issues Identified: Un-segregated leading to Conflicts among Fast, Un Compatible VRUs and Larger Vehicles Rationale for Intervention: Segregation reduce Conflicts, Risk and Exposures Detailed Intervention Programs: 3m Exclusive Lane fully segregated Impact of Intervention: 39% less Accidents, 83% Less Fatalities, BCR=5 Malaysia How to cite Country Report on Road Safety Initiatives in Malaysia, Papers